MCA guidelines for safe Li-Ion batteries on yachts
In the modern era of electrification, lithium-ion batteries are an attractive energy source due to their high energy density and durability. However, they also pose certain safety risks, especially when used in electric watercraft such as tenders, jet skis and other personal watercraft aboard yachts. This article is dedicated to the important safety aspects of handling these batteries.
#1 Understanding the risks of lithium-ion batteries
Lithium-ion batteries can generate extreme heat if they malfunction or are handled improperly, which can lead to fires and even explosions. This phenomenon, known as "thermal runaway," is a particular hazard aboard yachts, where a fire can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is important to understand the risks and take appropriate precautions.
#2 Safe handling of lithium-ion batteries
Training yacht personnel in the safe handling, storage and charging of lithium-ion batteries is essential. This includes recognizing signs of battery damage and knowing the procedures for disposal or isolation of damaged equipment or batteries. Proper handling and maintenance can significantly reduce the risk of battery fire.
#3 Emergency procedures for battery fires
Preparation for potential battery fires is critical. The ship's safety management systems should include instructions for dealing with battery fires, and regular fire drills that specifically address these scenarios should be conducted. The use of extinguishing systems specifically designed for lithium-ion battery fires may also be beneficial.
#4 Use of special equipment
Onboard personnel should be trained in the use of specialized equipment, such as lithium-ion-specific fire extinguishers, fire blankets, infrared cameras, and other fire detection or suppression devices. Such equipment can be critical in early detection of battery problems and effective fire suppression.
#5 Lithium-ion battery fire prevention
Because lithium-ion battery fires are difficult to extinguish, it is especially important that the crew is able to detect early signs of battery problems before they become a serious hazard to the ship. Monitoring battery temperatures and voltages, as well as regular inspection for physical damage, can help identify potential problems early.
#6 Appointment of a responsible person
It is recommended that a person be designated on board to be responsible for the safe operation, maintenance and response to emergencies involving lithium-ion batteries. This person should receive appropriate training and have the necessary experience to act quickly and effectively in potentially hazardous situations.
#7 Lithium-ion battery storage
Safe storage of lithium-ion batteries is another important consideration. The MCA recommends that replacement or removed batteries with a capacity greater than 100Wh be stored in a dedicated cabinet or compartment built to a recognized international standard. Incorporating temperature monitoring into the vessel's alarm system is also recommended, as are dedicated areas for charging batteries, which should always be at least one meter away from the limits defined by the MCA.
#8 Raising awareness of risks associated with the use of personal electronic devices.
MCA notes that the guidelines are not intended to restrict the use and charging of personal items on board, such as cell phones and laptop computers. However, crew members should be aware of the risks involved and avoid storing them in such a way that the "total capacity of the batteries exceeds 500Wh."
